France's National Assembly has approved a law banning the wearing of masks at protests, and another to ban specific people from taking part in rallies.
Wearing a mask could now result in a one-year prison sentence and a €15,000 (£13,000; $17,000) fine.
France has seen weekly protests by the "gilets jaunes" (yellow vest) movement - with isolated pockets of violence, reports BBC.
But police are also under scrutiny for allegedly causing severe injury to peaceful protesters.
The case of Jérôme Rodrigues has reignited the debate over police actions. Mr Rodrigues, a self-described pacifist, was hit in the eye during a rally on Saturday, and may lose his sight in that eye.