India will provide free food grains to millions of migrant workers hardest hit by a weeks-long lockdown as well as offer employment under a rural jobs programme, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said on Thursday.
The government will spend 35 billion rupees ($463.06 million) on food for nearly 80 million migrant workers over the next two months, Sitharaman told a news conference.
The allocation is part of a 20 trillion rupee ($266 billion) fiscal and monetary package to prop up the ailing economy. Millions of workers have fled large towns and cities after they lost their jobs during the lockdown, which is aimed at curbing the spread of the novel coronavirus.
"The government is concerned about migrant workers," Sitharaman said, and had provided funds to states to provide shelter, food grain and transport for migrants.
Since April, the government has spent 100 billion rupees to offer work to near 23 million unemployed people in rural areas under the ongoing rural job guarantee programme, she said.
The government also plans to extend a bank loan interest subsidy programme for affordable housing to rented housing for migrant workers, she said.
On Wednesday, it announced new credit lines by offering bank guarantees on loans of over $60 billion to small businesses, shadow banks and power companies.
In an address to the nation on Monday, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said the package was equivalent to 10 per cent of India's gross domestic product, and was meant to support workers and businesses reeling from the impact of the prolonged shutdown.
Under lockdown since late March, India has reported more than 78,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19 among its 1.3 billion population, with over 2,500 deaths from the lung disease.
Economists said new measures would have a limited impact on the government's fiscal spending as large parts of funding for migrant workers, farmers and small businesses was through state- run banks and financial institutions.
Nevertheless, Sonal Varma, an economist at Nomura, estimated that the federal fiscal deficit is expected to touch 7.0 per cent of GDP in 2020/21, double an earlier estimate of 3.5 per cent, mainly due to a sharp fall in revenue collection.
In April, the unemployment rate rose to 23.5 per cent from 8.7 per cent the previous month, data released by the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy, a Mumbai-based think tank, showed.
Sitharaman said street vendors and farmers would get new subsidised bank loans, and that nearly 30 million farmers had so far benefited from a three-month moratorium on bank loans amounting to 4.22 trillion rupees.
Economists and rating agencies expect the Indian economy could contract by up to 5.0 per cent in the current financial year beginning April, a steep fall from earlier government estimates of 6.0 per cent growth.
