The world's young activists, numbering over 3.8 billion, are on the war path. The rising new socialist movements-which included "Black Lives Matter," "Occupy Wall Street" "Un-Occupy Palestine" and "the #Me Too Movement" triggering women's marches- were aimed at battling racism, institutionalised inequalities, political repression and sexual harassment.
In its recent cover story, Time magazine dubbed it "Youthquake" - a new phenomenon shaking up the old order, as young activists lead the fight against right-wing authoritarianism, government corruption and rising new hazards of climate change.
Joanne Mariner, Senior Crisis Response Adviser at Amnesty International (AI), told IPS "it is stunning to see how aggressive government efforts to quash protests, including by killing protesters, have not even succeeded in stopping them in the short run".
In the long run, far too much is at stake, she said, where the coming years are likely to see more protests rather than fewer.
And it is more so in Asia, says AI, in a recently-released report which reviews human rights in 25 Asian and Pacific states and territories during 2019.
"2019 was a year of repression in Asia, but also of resistance".
"As governments across the continent attempt to uproot fundamental freedoms, people are fighting back - and young people are at the forefront of the struggle," says Nicholas Bequelin, AI's Regional Director for East and South-East Asia and the Pacific.
"From students in Hong Kong leading a mass movement against growing Chinese encroachment, to students in India protesting against anti-Muslim policies; from Thailand's young voters flocking to a new opposition party to Taiwan's pro LGBTI-equality demonstrators. Online and offline, youth-led popular protests are challenging the established order," he added.
Also, the rise of a new generation determined to lead the fight against climate emergency has led to a major youth movement worldwide, resulting in protest marches, with thousands of young people demonstrating in the streets of New York and in several world capitals.
According to Time magazine, the world's under-30 population has been rising since 2012, and today accounts for more than half of the world's 7.5 billion people.
Asked for the primary reasons for this surge in young activism, Mariner said this new era of youth activism reflects young people's understanding that it's their future at stake.
"If they don't demand more from governments, including a voice in the decisions that affect their lives, their future is uncertain. It is the young who will inherit this fast-warming planet, and they see all too clearly the consequences of their elders' inaction and irresponsibility," she argued.
Meanwhile, the Youth Assembly, described as one of the longest-running and largest global youth summits, is scheduled to take place in New York city on February 14-16.
The theme of next week's 25th session will be: "It's Time: Youth for Global Impact" aimed at underlining the importance of engaging young people, "especially at a time when the youth are influencing and leading movements that can change the world."
Meanwhile, the Amnesty International report says China and India, Asia's two largest powers, set the tone for repression across the region with their overt rejection of human rights.
Beijing's backing of an Extradition Bill for Hong Kong, giving the local government the power to extradite suspects to the mainland, ignited mass protests in the territory on an unprecedented scale.
Since June, Hong Kongers have regularly taken to the streets to demand accountability in the face of abusive policing tactics that have included the wanton use of tear gas, arbitrary arrests, physical assaults and abuses in detention. This struggle against the established order has been repeated all over the continent, said AI.
In India, the AI report noted, millions decried a new law that discriminates against Muslims in a swell of peaceful demonstrations. In Indonesia, people rallied against parliament's enactment of several laws that threatened public freedoms.
In Afghanistan, marchers risked their safety to demand an end to the country's long-running conflict. In Pakistan, the non-violent Pashtun Tahaffuz Movement defied state repression to mobilise against enforced disappearances and extrajudicial executions.
Divya Srinivasan, Equality Now's South Asia Consultant, told IPS young people across Asia have shown incredible resilience and bravery in their continuing battle against government repression in 2019.
One remarkable feature of these protests is that in many instances, they have been led by women and girls, including those from minority communities, she added.
In India, one of the epicentres of protests against the new anti-Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) which discriminates against Muslims, has been the neighbourhood of Shaheen Bagh in New Delhi.
Srinivasan said women and children have braved the winter chill and gathered in huge numbers to continuously occupy a highway around the clock in a peaceful protest that has already lasted over a month.
"The voices of these women, particularly Muslim women, have been bravely opposing the Government's discriminatory laws, and voicing concerns about the oppression of minorities and police brutality."
"The Shaheen Bagh protest began on December 14th with around a dozen local women and their children and numbers soon swelled into the hundreds", she said.
And the site has become a creative space for many children and young people, with singing, storytelling, poetry, and talks happening daily, and drawings, graffiti, posters, photographs, and art installations decorating the roadside where people are camping"
In early 2019, Srinivasan said, India saw another historic protest in the form of the Dignity March, which was a 10,000-kilometre long march through 24 states that brought together thousands of survivors of sexual violence, including many young women and girls, who were raising their voices to call for justice, dignity, and an end to victim-blaming and stigma."
"Young women across Asia are making their voices heard. We cannot ignore them any longer," declared Srinivasan, a licensed attorney in India with a background in women's rights, including work on sexual harassment in the workplace and sexual violence against women.
Asked whether there is a role for the United Nations to either support or give its blessings to these youth activists, AI's Mariner said: "The UN, including at the highest levels, can and should speak out to demand that governments respect the right of peaceful protest."
She pointed out it was heartening to hear UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres condemn the killings of protesters in Iraq, "although he has been far less vocal regarding repression elsewhere".
Also encouraging, from the perspective of UN action, are the numerous UN special rapporteurs who have called on the authorities in Hong Kong, India, and Indonesia, among others, to protect the rights of those who participate in protests, she declared.
The AI repot said people speaking out against these atrocities were routinely punished, but their standing up made a difference. There were many examples where efforts to achieve human rights progress in Asia paid off.
In Taiwan, same-sex marriage became legal following tireless campaigning by activists. In Sri Lanka, lawyers and activists successfully campaigned against the resumption of executions.
Brunei was forced to backtrack on enforcing laws to make adultery and sex between men punishable by stoning, while former Malaysian prime minister Najib Razak took the stand on corruption charges for the first time.
The Pakistani government pledged to tackle climate change and air pollution, and two women were appointed as judges on the Maldivian Supreme Court for the first time.
And in Hong Kong, the power of protest forced the government to withdraw the Extradition Bill. Yet, with no accountability for months of abuses against demonstrators, the fight goes on.
—Inter Press Service
