US companies are warning about rising wages eating into profit margins, increasing investor worries that next year’s expected drop in profit growth may be sharper than feared.
Amidst overall strong quarterly results, climbing labour costs are a growing concern, with more than a dozen companies in the S&P 500 mentioning them in conference calls so far this earnings season.
That is up from just a handful of companies that noted these concerns over a similar period in the year-ago quarter, an analysis of earnings calls by Thomson Reuters showed.
Next week, several retailers including Walmart and Macy’s are due to report results and investors will be keen to hear what they say about labour.
Retailers and restaurants tend to have large employee bases and are expected to be among companies most likely to feel the biggest impacts of higher wages.
Morgan Stanley strategists wrote in a note this week that hotels, restaurants, retailers, energy equipment and services, and IT services may be among industries most exposed to rising wages.
“Wage pressures have been building for some time, but we finally saw them really pop ... in the October jobs report, so I think that’s going to continue to be an issue,” said Kristina Hooper, chief global market strategist at Invesco in New York.
Worries about the potential for wage inflation have been picking up as economic data has shown that US labour market conditions are tightening.
Wage pressures could increasingly be an issue as earnings-per-share growth for S&P 500 companies is expected to slow to about 9 per cent next year following 2018’s tax-fuelled earnings gains, estimated at 24 per cent, according to IBES data from Refinitiv.
In the recent US jobs report for October, wages recorded their largest annual gain in 9-1/2 years.
A separate report showed the Employment Cost Index, the broadest measure of labour costs, increased 0.8 per cent in the third quarter after a 0.6 per cent rise in the second quarter, putting the year-on-year rate of increase at 2.8 per cent.
A record 7.14 million open jobs are unfilled, and employers have been forced to boost wages to attract employees.
Online retailer Amazon.com Inc said last month it would raise its minimum wage to $15 per hour for US employees starting in November.
Moreover, chances for a higher federal minimum wage increased this week as Democrats won control of the House of Representatives in congressional elections.
Among companies that have talked about the impact of higher wages, McDonald’s Corp Chief Financial Officer Kevin Ozan said on the company’s Oct 23 call with analysts that labour costs were among pressures on margins in the latest quarter.
Chipotle Mexican Grill Chief Financial Officer John Hartung told analysts the company expects labour costs to keep rising in the fourth quarter, and Clorox Co executives said wage inflation has been higher than anticipated.
In addition, Clay Williams, president and chief executive of National Oilwell Varco, which reported quarterly revenue that missed expectations, said “steel and labour costs are continuing to rise, eroding margin gains from price increases across many of our businesses.”
To be sure, the tax overhaul passed by Congress in late 2017 has helped companies offset a lot of extra expenses, and third-quarter S&P 500 profit growth is on track to be the highest since 2010.
Lower tax rates should enable higher wages and maintainable margins without the need to raise prices, according to Russell Price, senior economist at Ameriprise Financial Services in Troy, Michigan.
Goldman Sachs strategists in a recent note said wage inflation is among key risks to S&P 500 profit margins, along with higher tariffs and rising debt costs.
“Managements expressed confidence in their ability to offset tariff costs through price increases or supply chain reorganisation. However, executives noted increased competition for labour and intensifying wage pressures,” they wrote.
Some businesses, especially retailers, may need to pass along higher labour costs to maintain slim profit margins, reports Reuters.
“When salaries do jump to levels that would cause inflation, then that could negatively impact earnings growth,” said Peter Cardillo, chief market economist at Spartan Capital Securities in New York.
