Chinese electric vehicle (EV) makers have set their sights on winning over European drivers and large corporate customers with more affordable cars that come with top safety ratings and lots of high-tech features.
In the last few months, several Chinese EVs have received five-star European New Car Assessment Programme (NCAP) ratings - an achievement that requires loading vehicles with active and passive safety features that go well beyond legal requirements.
"All Chinese EV makers want to achieve Euro NCAP five-star ratings in order to be more competitive in the European market," said Brian Gu, president of Chinese EV maker Xpeng.
Gu said Xpeng has spent the last three years building stores and service centres in Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden - with some initial sales in Norway - before an official launch next year of its electric P7 sedan and G9 sports-utility vehicle (SUV) in the four countries.
Chinese EV makers have recognised that safety plays an incredibly important part of the sales process, said Matthew Avery, director at Thatcham Research, a British car research centre funded by insurers and a Euro NCAP board member.
Five-star Euro NCAP ratings are seen as key to overcoming residual European concerns over the quality of Chinese-made cars, after awful crash test failures in 2006 and 2007 created an impression that cars from China were unsafe.
Perhaps more importantly for sales, high safety ratings also open up the potentially huge corporate car fleet market for Chinese EV makers.
Fleet sales make up about half of all car sales in major markets including Germany, France and the United Kingdom, and many corporate buyers put a premium on safety.
"Fleet sales are very important and a lot of fleets have a mandatory five-star rating for buying cars," Avery said.
CAR RENTAL COMPANIES
What's more, many fleets want to switch to EVs fast to meet sustainability goals. But corporate fleets have struggled to get enough EVs in Europe as supply chain issues have pushed waiting times for some models to more than 12 months.
High demand for electric cars amid supply chain shortages has allowed European carmakers to raise EV prices and focus more on retail clients, rather than customers such as car rental firms that have traditionally been less profitable for them.
That has created a window of opportunity for Chinese EV makers that have already stolen a march on most foreign rivals in China, by far the world's biggest market for EVs.
In October, for instance, German car rental company Sixt (SIXG.DE) said it would buy about 100,000 EVs from BYD, starting with its Atto 3 SUV which received the coveted Euro NCAP five-star rating the same month.
China's Great Wall Motors (GWM) received five-star ratings in September for its WEY brand Coffee 01 hybrid SUV and its ORA brand Funky Cat electric sedan.
European carmakers are also pursuing five-star ratings for their EVs and hybrids, from BMW's iX to Volkswagen's ID.4 and ID.5. In October, Mercedes (MBGn.DE) got the top rating for its EQE sedan and its driver-assistance features received the highest marks to date from Euro NCAP.
Chinese EV maker Aiways has yet to put its U6 electric crossover through its NCAP paces but it too is shooting for the highest rating on offer, said Alexander Klose, who heads the carmaker's operations outside China.
He said Aiways has invested in extra safety features for the U6 to open up opportunities for sales to European fleets, including rental car firms, when it goes on sale next year.
"There will be a natural demand for vehicles like ours that are fully equipped and come at very competitive prices," he said, adding that Aiways hopes to sell 30,000 EVs in Europe in 2023, up from about 5,000 this year.
BASIC REQUIREMENT
French auto consultancy Inovev said about 155,000 Chinese-made cars were sold in Europe in the first nine months of 2022, or 1.4 per cent of the market. Chinese firms are on track to hit 150,000 cars this year, nearly double the 80,000 sold in 2021.
But almost half the Chinese cars sold were EVs, according to Inovev, giving them a 5.8 per cent share of Europe's fully-electric vehicle market.
Inovev vice-president Jamel Taganza said all Chinese cars sold in Europe would be EVs within a few years, with more lower-cost models on the way.
By 2030, Inovev estimates EVs will make up 40 per cent of Europe's new car sales and that Chinese brands will represent between 12.5 per cent to 20 per cent of that fully-electric market, with sales of between 725,000 and 1.16 million vehicles.
"This is a conservative forecast," Taganza said. "But it could increase more rapidly, especially if European carmakers do not answer the needs in Europe of affordable EVs."
Getting a five-star rating is expensive for automakers because it means investing in additional safety features from extra airbags to collision avoidance, driver-assistance and driver-monitoring systems.
Thatcham's Avery said Chinese EV makers have actively engaged with Euro NCAP and were eagerly making the investments necessary to land top ratings.
"Forget what you might think that Chinese means lower quality or lower safety performance," he said. "Their quality is now better than others."
BYD is launching three cars in a handful of European markets and will add more models and markets next year, all of which should have top safety ratings, said Michael Shu, managing director of BYD Europe.
"We think a five-star rating should be a very basic requirement," he said.
'LEVERAGING THAT ADVANTAGE'
Great Wall Motor's ORA Funky Cat, meanwhile, will launch in Britain, Germany, Ireland and Sweden later this year.
Starting around 32,000 pounds ($36,330) in Britain, or about 5,000 pounds cheaper than VW's ID.3, the Funky Cat's features include facial recognition to store seating preferences, driver-assistance systems, reverse camera and wireless phone charging.
Toby Marshall, UK sales and marketing director for GWM's ORA brand, said if a car is well made, laden with features, has a high safety rating and is competitively priced, it no longer matters where it was built.
"Those are the key ingredients that matter to car buyers," Marshall said, while showing off the Funky Cat at his office in Solihull in England's midlands.
Bill Russo, head of consultancy Automobility Ltd in Shanghai, said the problem for many international carmakers with was that they ceded the advantage to Chinese rivals when it comes to building lower-cost EVs.
"The one place on the planet you'll find an affordable EV today is China," said Russo. "And they're leveraging that advantage."
