English singer and songwriter Dua Lipa won best new artist, while country star Kacey Musgraves took home album of the year at the 61st Grammy Awards on Sunday.
Musgraves clinched four prizes in total for 'Golden Hour', her critically-acclaimed third album, which blends country with elements of psychedelia.
She dedicated the award to "my sweet husband" with whom she fell in love as she recorded the album.
Dua said she was "nervous and grateful" as she accepted her award, one of the night's four biggest prizes.
The 23-year-old paid tribute to the "incredible" line-up of "so many female artists" in the category, adding: "I guess this year we've really stepped up."
The comment was a dig at Grammys president Neil Portnow, who last year tried to deflect criticism of the lack of female winners by saying women needed to "step up" in order to be considered.
He appeared on stage at this year's ceremony to apologise, saying: "This past year I've been reminded that if coming face to a face with an issue opens your eyes wide enough it makes you more committed to bring change."
Speaking backstage, Dua said: "Being in the new artist category and having so many female artists nominated is a big change and it's a change we want to see for many years to come, it's a big difference from previous years, it only felt right because there were so many artists on there that I love and admire."
This year's ceremony certainly appeared to be at pains to make amends, with lifetime achievement prizes for Dolly Parton and Diana Ross, and scores of female performers throughout the night.
Brooklyn rapper Cardi B became the first solo female to win best rap album, for her debut Invasion of Privacy.
Accompanied on stage by her husband Offset, Cardi thanked her daughter Kulture Kiari for giving her the impetus to finish the record on time.
"When I found out I was pregnant, my album was not complete," she said. "So I was like, 'I have to get this album done so we can shoot these videos while I was not showing.'"
Speaking in her dressing room backstage Cardi said she shared her award with late rapper Mac Miller, whose family were in attendance at the awards.
Lady Gaga won three prizes, including best pop performance for Joanne and best pop duet for Shallow, from the Oscar-nominated film A Star Is Born.
Holding back tears, the star thanked Bradley Cooper, her co-star and director, who missed the Grammys to attend The Baftas in London.
She also used her speech to highlight the film's mental health message, telling the audience: "If you see someone that's hurting, don't look away."
Elsewhere, Ariana Grande, who pulled out of a planned performance after a dispute with organisers, received best pop album for Sweetener - her first ever Grammy Award.
"This is wild and beautiful," she tweeted. "Thank you so much."
And Emily Lazar, who worked on Beck's Colors album, became the first woman in Grammys history to win best engineered album.
But while the Grammys has made strides with female artists, it still needs to repair its image in the hip-hop community.
This year, major stars including Chance The Rapper, Kendrick Lamar and Childish Gambino declined invitations to perform, amidst concerns their music is being relegated to the rap categories (no hip-hop record has won album of the year since Outkast's Speakerboxxx / The Love Below in 2004).
The absence of Childish Gambino - aka actor Donald Glover - was particularly notable on Sunday, after he won four awards for This Is America, his scathing critique of US socio-politics.
At one point, host Alicia Keys awkwardly had to fill time when no-one came forward to accept the song of the year award on his behalf.
Obama surprise
Former US First Lady Michelle Obama made a surprise appearance, giving a speech about the unifying power of music alongside Lady Gaga, Jada Pinkett-Smith, Jennifer Lopez, and Alicia Keys.
"Whether we like country or rap or rock, music helps us share ourselves, our dignity and sorrows, our hopes and joys," she said. "It allows us to hear one another, to invite each other in."