The global COVID-19 pandemic has pushed more than 250 million people to the brink of starvation and dashed hopes of eradicating extreme poverty by 2030, a UN expert said in a report published on Tuesday.
The report, to be presented to the UN Human Rights Council by Olivier De Schutter, Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights, was prepared by his predecessor Philip Alston.
It criticises the way governments have banked on economic growth to lift people out of poverty.
The reports says the UN’s 2030 Agenda to eradicate poverty through Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) relies too much on a poverty line set so low by the World Bank that it allows governments to claim progress where there is none, says UNB citing the report.
The report states that the pandemic will push 176 million more people into extreme poverty, compounding long-standing neglect of low-income people, including women, migrant workers and refugees.
The international community’s abysmal record on tackling poverty, inequality and disregard for human life far precede this pandemic, the report says.
“Many world leaders, economists, and pundits have enthusiastically promoted a self-congratulatory message, proclaiming progress against poverty to be one of the greatest human achievements of our time,” the report says.
“The reality is that billions face few opportunities, countless indignities, unnecessary hunger and preventable death, and do not enjoy basic human rights.”
“In too many cases, the promised benefits of growth either don’t materialise or aren’t shared,” the report says. “The global economy has doubled since the end of the Cold War, yet half the world lives under $5.50 a day, primarily because the benefits of growth have largely gone to the wealthiest.”
The world needs new strategies, genuine mobilisation, empowerment and accountability “to avoid sleepwalking towards assured failure while pumping out endless bland reports”, the report notes.
Tax justice is the key to ensure governments have the money needed for social protection: in 2015, multinationals shifted an estimated 40 per cent of their profits to tax havens, while global corporate tax rates have fallen from an average of 40.38 per cent in 1980 to 24.18 per cent in 2019.
De Schutter also called for establishment of a social protection fund to help countries give the poorest basic social security guarantees.
“Growth alone, without far more robust redistribution of wealth, would fail to effectively tackle poverty,” said De Schutter.
”Based on historic growth rates, it would take 200 years to eradicate poverty under a $5 a day line and would require a 173-fold increase in global GDP.”
That, he added, is “an entirely unrealistic prospect, not least since it does not take into account the environmental degradation associated to the economic growth, or the impacts of climate change on poverty itself”.
“I welcome this report, which illustrates that poverty is not a matter only of low incomes,” said De Schutter.
“It’s a matter of disempowerment, of institutional and social abuse, and of discrimination. It is the price we pay for societies that exclude people whose contributions are not recognised. Eradicating poverty means building inclusive societies that shift from a charity approach to a rights-based empowering approach.”
De Schutter will also present the reports of his predecessor’s visits to Malaysia and Spain.